Section III, cross-cutting discipline

Performance and quality

An agent that is up is not necessarily an agent that is working. Performance and quality assurance measures how good an agent's answers are, how quickly it gives them, and whether they serve the business objective the agent exists for.

What performance and quality covers

Benchmarks

Each agent is measured against known correct answers, against the response times promised to its users, and against the cost of each task.

Evaluation

Agents are evaluated continuously by something other than themselves. The evaluation looks for factual errors, for regressions after a model or configuration change, and for weaknesses that adversarial tests expose.

Feedback

Signals from the people and agents that use an agent are collected and acted on. The agent's technical measures are reported beside the measure of its business objective.

An evaluation that passes says only that the answers were good on the day. Evidence goes stale, so evaluation repeats with every release and on a sample of live work, as the Assurance discipline requires.

Control objectives

There are 12 control objectives here. Each one states what it asks for, the risk it addresses and how it is measured. It then says what each risk tier requires, what evidence proves it, and who may check that evidence. The Operating Model page explains the tiers.

PRF-01

Accuracy benchmarks

Measure each agent's accuracy against known correct answers, so that a decline is noticed.

Risk addressed
Accuracy declining without anyone noticing
Key metric
Share of agents with an accuracy benchmark

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    The builder checks results by hand.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Each agent has a benchmark set that runs at release.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    The benchmark runs on a schedule against live work, and a decline alerts the owner.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    The benchmark set is reviewed by the value owner and refreshed each quarter.
Evidence
The benchmark set and its results over time.
Who may check it
Internal audit and an outside auditor.
PRF-02

Response times

Measure how quickly agents answer against the times promised to the people and agents that use them.

Risk addressed
Slow agents that frustrate their users
Key metric
Share of agents meeting their promised response time

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Each agent states a response time and measures it.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Missed response times alert the owner, and the cause is recorded.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Response times are reported to dependents and partners under their contracts.
Evidence
Response time measurements against the promised times.
Who may check it
Internal audit and a partner.
PRF-03

Throughput

Compare how much work agents can handle with the demand on them, to find bottlenecks before users do.

Risk addressed
Bottlenecks in capacity
Key metric
Throughput compared with demand

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Throughput and demand are measured.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    A forecast of demand is compared with capacity each quarter.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Capacity for peak demand is tested before known peak events.
Evidence
Throughput and demand measurements and the capacity forecast.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-04

Consistency

Measure how much an agent's answers to the same question vary, so that its behavior is predictable.

Risk addressed
Unpredictable behavior
Key metric
Variation in answers to repeated questions

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    A sample of repeated questions is checked at release.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Variation is measured on a schedule and kept within a stated range.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Variation outside the range blocks a release.
Evidence
The repeated-question results and the stated range.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-05

Continuous evaluation

Evaluate agents continuously, so that a change in how good their answers are between releases is caught.

Risk addressed
Quality drifting between releases
Key metric
Evaluation coverage across running agents

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    The builder reviews sample outputs.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    An evaluation suite runs at every release.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Evaluation also runs on a sample of live work, by an evaluator that is not the agent itself.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Evaluation results are part of each review and are shared with the value owner each month.
Evidence
Evaluation results for releases and for sampled live work.
Who may check it
Internal audit and an outside auditor.
PRF-06

Regression detection

Detect a fall in performance caused by a model update or a configuration change, and alert the owner.

Risk addressed
Quality loss after a model update
Key metric
Time to detect a regression

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    The evaluation suite runs after any model or configuration change.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    A regression blocks promotion, and the previous version stays available.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Regressions are reported to the governance council when they reach production.
Evidence
Evaluation comparisons before and after each change.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-07

Factual errors

Measure how often agents state things that are not true, and keep the rate within a stated level.

Risk addressed
Factual errors that damage trust
Key metric
Rate of factual errors in sampled answers

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    The builder notes errors seen in testing.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    A sample of answers is checked for factual errors at release.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Factual errors are measured on live work, and the rate is kept within a stated level.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Answers that make claims are checked against a source before they are sent.
Evidence
Sampled answers with error findings, and the measured rate over time.
Who may check it
Internal audit and an outside auditor.
PRF-08

Business outcomes

Connect each agent's technical measures to the business objective it serves, so that technical success is not mistaken for value.

Risk addressed
Technical success without business value
Key metric
Share of agents whose objective measure is reported

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    The experiment states what it set out to learn.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    The objective's measure from section I is reported each quarter.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    The value owner compares the measure with cost each quarter.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    The measure is reported to the executive sponsor with the agent's cost.
Evidence
The objective measure, its trend and the value owner's review.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-09

Finding underperformers

Find agents that do worse than their benchmarks or than other agents doing similar work.

Risk addressed
Poor agents harming the business
Key metric
Time from decline to flag

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Agents below their benchmark are flagged at review.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Agents below their benchmark are flagged automatically and given a remedy plan.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Persistent underperformers are reviewed by the governance council for retirement.
Evidence
The list of flagged agents and their remedy plans.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-10

Timely remedy

Track how long it takes to fix performance problems once they are found.

Risk addressed
Poor performance going on too long
Key metric
Mean time to remedy

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No requirement applies to an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Performance problems are tracked to closure.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Problems have target remedy times by severity.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Missed targets are reported to the executive sponsor.
Evidence
The problem log with dates found and fixed.
Who may check it
Internal audit.
PRF-11

Scheduled quality audits

Complete the scheduled performance and quality audits. The Assurance discipline sets the audit plan.

Risk addressed
Gaps from missed audits
Key metric
Share of scheduled audits completed

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    No audit is required for an experiment.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Quality is audited at the agent's review date.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Quality is audited each half year by someone outside the team.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Quality is audited each quarter, and an outside auditor reviews the results each year.
Evidence
The audit schedule and completed audit reports.
Who may check it
Internal audit and an outside auditor.
PRF-12

User feedback

Collect feedback from the people and agents that use an agent, and use it to improve the agent.

Risk addressed
Signals for improvement that nobody collects
Key metric
Share of feedback acted on

What each tier requires

  1. Tier 1 Exploratory
    The builder asks users directly.
  2. Tier 2 Operational
    Users can give feedback, and the owner reviews it.
  3. Tier 3 Critical
    Feedback is tracked to an action or a reason for no action.
  4. Tier 4 Strategic
    Feedback trends are reported with the agent's evaluation results.
Evidence
The feedback log and the actions taken.
Who may check it
Internal audit.

Quick reference

IDObjectiveKey metric
PRF-01Accuracy benchmarksShare of agents with an accuracy benchmark
PRF-02Response timesShare of agents meeting their promised response time
PRF-03ThroughputThroughput compared with demand
PRF-04ConsistencyVariation in answers to repeated questions
PRF-05Continuous evaluationEvaluation coverage across running agents
PRF-06Regression detectionTime to detect a regression
PRF-07Factual errorsRate of factual errors in sampled answers
PRF-08Business outcomesShare of agents whose objective measure is reported
PRF-09Finding underperformersTime from decline to flag
PRF-10Timely remedyMean time to remedy
PRF-11Scheduled quality auditsShare of scheduled audits completed
PRF-12User feedbackShare of feedback acted on